Foreigner in the kitchen: the untold story of the mobile cooking supports (lasana) from Emporion Pistiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.57573/be-ja.16.57-79Keywords:
Pistiros, metallurgy, cooking ware, lasana, emporia, ancient Greek kitchenAbstract
This paper reinterprets a morphologically distinct group of ceramic objects from the site of Adzhyiska Vodenitsa, situated near the town of Vetren, municipality of Septemvri, identified as emporion Pistiros, whose archaeological significance has long been overlooked due to their lingering identification as tuyères de soufflet or “bellow’s nozzles”. For a long time, they were employed by earlier scholarship as archaeological evidence serving the scholarly discourse about Pistiros as a metallurgical centre. An increasing comparanda from Greek apoikiai on the West and North Black Sea coasts, Magna Graecia, Western Mediterranean, Asia Minor, as convincingly argued by Y. Grandjean and S. Morris in 1985, have conclusively shown that these objects are better understood as mobile cooking supports or kitchen props known from the written sources as chytropodes or lasana. The spatial distribution of these objects at Pistiros is often associated with the earliest residential features in the Southeast sector, the so-called sunken dwellings or subterranean huts, situated intra muros, immediately south of the Bastion and close to the East fortification wall, and dated to the first half of the 4th c. BC. Their number has recently increased due to new discoveries in the Northwest sector originating from sealed deposits of domestic waste from the Classical period. Virtually unknown from other excavated settlements in Thrace, except for a single example from Apollonia Pontica, the mobile cooking supports (lasana) can now serve as evidence for the existence of culinary practices at Pistiros which are traditionally associated with the ancient Greek kitchen. This fact, among other things, solidifies the archaeological data for the conceptualisation of Pistiros as a Greek settlement which took off as a trading post (emporion) in the West Upper Thrace Valley during the Classical period prior to the Macedonian campaigns of Philip II in Thrace during the late 340s BC.
Downloads
References
Almagro, M. 1945. Excavaciones de Ampurias: ultimos hallazgos y resultados. Archivo Español de Arqueología 18, 57–75.
Amicone, S., Müller, N.S., Heinze, L., Schneider, G., Neumann, S., Fenn, N., Kiriatzi, E. 2022. Four centuries of cooking wares at Priene: Tracing transformation in supply and trade patterns in western Asia minor (Turkey). Advances in Archaeomaterials 3.2, 56–77.
Andonova, A. 2013. Topography and Classification of Metal Tools from Pistiros (Preliminary Report). In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavation and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 238–249.
Archibald, Z. 1996. Imported Athenian Figured Pottery (1988–91). In Bouzek, J., Domaradzki, M., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros I. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 77–88.
Archibald, Z. 2013. Report on the Work of the British Team at Pistiros, 2006–2010 (grid squares Д24/25; Б21). In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavation and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 70–93.
Balabanov, P., Drazheva, Ts. 1985. Trakiyski nekropoli v kv. ‘Pobeda’ v Burgas. Izvestia na muzeite v Yugoiztochna Bulgaria 8, 9–29 (in Bulgarian).
Barretta, M. 2018. Lasana. In Carter, J.C., Swift, K. (eds) The Chora of Metaponto 7. The Greek Sanctuary at Pantanello, vol. 1. Austin: University of Texas Press, 877–886.
Bats, M. 1988. Vaisselle et alimentation à Olbia de Provence (v. 350 – v.50 av. J.–C.). Modèles culturels et catégories céramiques (Revue Archéologique de Narbonnaise, suppl. 18). Paris: Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique.
Benoit, R. 1948. Soufflets de forges antiques. Revue des Études Anciennes 50, 305–308.
Ben-Shlomo, D. 2025. Thin-Section Petrography in the Use of Ancient Ceramic Studies. Minerals 15, 984 (https://doi.org/10.3390/min15090984).
Botwid, K., Pettersson, P.E. 2016. Use Traces on Crucibles and Tuyères? An Archaeological Experiment in Ancient Metallurgy. In Pettersson, E.V. (ed.) Prehistoric Pottery Across the Baltic: Regions, Influences and Methods (BAR International Series 2785). Oxford: Archaeopress, 21–28.
Bozhkova, A. 2017. Antichna keramika mezhdu Hemus, Rodopa i Evksinskia Pont (VII–I v. pr.Hr.). Harakteristika, razprostranenie i upotreba. Veliko Tarnovo: Faber (in Bulgarian).
Blondé, F. 2007. Les céramiques d’usage quotidien à Thasos au IVe siècle avant J.C. (Études thasiennes XX). Paris: École Française d’Athènes.
Blondé, F., Gros, J.-S., Petridis, P. 2011. La céramique au quotidien à Thasos de l’époque archaïque à l’époque protobyzantine. Revue des Études Grecques 124.2, 193–204.
Bouzek, J. 2003. A survey of unglazed and plain pottery from Adžijska Vodenica II, Oikos A (with a list of Thasian amphora stamps). Studia Hercynia 7, 5–70.
Bouzek, J. 2010. Hand-made Kitchen ware and its Greek models. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros IV. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 191.
Bouzek, J. 2013. Special pottery. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 153–154.
Bouzek, J. 2016.The outline of the chronology of Pistiros. In Bouzek, J., Militky, J., Taneva, V., Domaradzka, E. (eds) Pistiros VI. The Pistiros Hoard. Prague: Charles University Press, 21–22.
Bouzek, J., Musil, J. 2002. Adžijska Vodenica II, 1994–1998: excavations report by the Czech mission. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros II. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 37–110.
Bouzek, J., Musil, J. 2007. Preliminary report of the Czech mission: the tripartite house south of the main E–W street (Southern House). In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros III. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 62–80.
Bouzek, J., Musil, J. 2010. Catalogue of pottery finds from the Southern House. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros IV. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 42–185.
Bouzek, J., Weissová, B. 2021. Pistiros: Urban planning and functional analysis. In Tsetskhladze, G., Avram, A., Hargrave, J. (eds) The Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the importance of the Pontic region for the Graeco-Roman world (7th century BC – 5th century AD): 20 years on (1997–2017). Oxford: Archaeopress, 195–201.
Bouzek, J., Musil, J., Weissová, B., Tušlová, P., Kučová, S., Mačková, M., Mašková, P., Matys, A., Matys, M., Trefny, M. (in 2007 season) 2013. Square B 11. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 57–65.
Bouzek, J., Gotsev, A., Lazov, G. 2024. Pistiros emporion: fonction et histoire. In Baralis, A., Mathieux, N., Stoyanov, T., Tonkova, M. (eds) L’aristocratie odryse: Insignes et lieux du pouvoir en Thrace (Ve–IIIe siècles avant J.–C.). Leuven: Peeters, 81–98.
Bruns-Özgan, Ch., Gassner, V., Muss, U. 2011. Kolophon: Neue Untersuchungen zur Topographie der Stadt. Anatolia Antiqua 19, 199–239.
Buchner, G. 1969. Mostra degli scavi di Pithecusa. Dialoghi di Archeologia 3.1–2, 85–101.
Claquin, L. 2015. The cooking devices of Apollonia Pontica (Bulgaria): preliminary study of the specificities of the ceramic assemblage of this Greek colony. In Tsetskhladze, G., Avram, A., Hargrave, J. (eds) The Danubian Lands between the Black, Aegean and Adriatic Seas (7th Century BC – 10th Century AD). Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities (Belgrade – 17–21 September 2013). Oxford: Archaeopress, 481–489.
Damyanov, M. 2022. An essay on the history of Apollonia Pontica to the Early Hellenistic period. In Boardman, J., Hargrave, J., Avram, A., Podossinov, A. (eds) Connecting the Ancient West and East: Studies Presented to Prof. Gocha R. Tsetskhladze, vol. I. Leuven: Peeters, 261–290.
Delev, P. 2015. Thrace from the assassination of Kotys to the battle of Koroupedion (360–281 BCE). In Valeva, J., Nankov, E., Graninger, D. (eds) A Companion to Ancient Thrace. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 48–58.
Dimitrov, K., Stoychev, R. 2018. The East Balkan Region as a Source of Precious and Non-ferrous Metals from Prehistory to the Roman Period. In Alexandrov, S., Dimitrova, Y., Popov, Ch., Horejs, B., Chukalev, K. (eds) Gold & Bronze. Metals, Technologies and lnterregional Contacts in the Eastern Balkans during the Bronze Age. Sofia: NAIM–BAS, 43–58.
Dimova, B., Tzochev, C. 2025. Pistiros and Thasos: revisiting the foundation narrative of the settlement at Adzhiyska Vodenitsa (Vetren). Bulgarian e-Journal of Archaeology 15.2, 239–255.
Domaradzki, M. 1993. Pistiros: center commercial et politique dans la vallée de la Maritza. Archeologia (Warsawa) 44, 35–57.
Domaradzki, M. 1994. Emporion Pistiros v Trakia. In Poselishten zhivot v Trakia. III mezhdunaroden simpozium “Kabile”. Yambol: Istoricheski muzei Yambol, 44–49 (in Bulgarian).
Domaradzki, M. 1995. Emporion Pistiros: Trako-gratski targovski otnoshenia, Emporion Pistiros 1. Pazardzhik: Belloprint (in Bulgarian).
Domaradzki, M. 1996. Interim report on archaeological investigations at Vetren-Pistiros 1988–94. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzki, M., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros I. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 13–34.
Domaradzki, M. 1999. La production de fibules à Pistiros. In Koukouli-Chrysanthaki, Ch., Müller, A., Papadopoulos, S. (eds) Thasos, Protes yles kai technologia apo tous proistorikous Chronous os semera. Matières premières et technologie de la préhistoire à nos jours, Ecole française d’Athènes – 18th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities. Athènes, Paris: Diffusion de Boccard, 179–184.
Domaradzki, M. 2000. Fibuli ot kasnozhelyaznata epoha v Trakia (chast I). Godishnik na Departament Arheologia – NBU 4–5, 202–224 (in Bulgarian).
Domaradzki, M. 2002. La production de fibules à Pistiros. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros II. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 249–254.
Domaradzki, M., Lazov, G., Bogdanova, D., Taneva, V., Archibald, Z. 1994. Razkopki na emporion Pistiros pri s. Vetren, obsht. Septemvri prez 1992 i 1993 g. Arheologicheski otkritia i razkopki prez 1992 i 1993 g. Veliko Tarnovo, 33–35 (in Bulgarian).
Dündar, E. 2021. Late 4th Century B. C. Pottery Assemblages from Patara. First Considerations on Ceramic Classes of the Xanthos Valley in Lycia. Istanbuler Mitteilungen 70, 47–71.
Egri, M., El Susi, G., Ferencz, I.V. 2023. Meat consumption between body nourishment and social statement. The case of pre-Roman Dacia. In Egri, M., Rustoiu, A. (eds) The Archaeology of Communities and Landscapes in the Carpathian Basin. Interdisciplinary Perspectives (BIBLIOTHECA MUSEI APULENSIS, Band 42). Cluj-Napoca: Mega Publishing House, 59–83.
Erb-Satullo, N.L. Gilmour, B.J.J. Khakhutaishvili, N. 2020. The metal behind the myths: iron metallurgy in the south-eastern Black Sea region. Antiquity 94, 374, 401–419.
Fasnacht, W. 2018. Considerations on the Process Flow of Copper Production. In Peege, C. (ed.) Agia Varvara-Almyras: An Iron Age Copper Smelting Site in Cyprus. Oxford: Archaeopress, 253–268.
Foxhall, L. 2007. House Clearance: Unpacking the ‘Kitchen’ in Classical Greece. In Westgate, R., Fisher, N., Whitley, J. (eds) Building Communities: House, Settlement and Society in the Aegean and Beyond (British School at Athens Studies 15). London: British School at Athens, 233–242.
Filipova, E. 2019–2020. Food and Identity: Specificities of the Diet in Ancient Thrace. Orpheus: Journal of Indo-European and Thracian Studies 26–27, 18–34.
Gassner, V. 2003. Materielle Kultur und kulturelle Identität in Elea in spätarchaisch-frühklassischer Zeit Untersuchungen zur Gefäss- und Baukeramik aus der Unterstadt (Grabungen 1987–1994) (Archäol. Forsch., 8, Velia-Studien, 2). Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Georgieva, R. 1999. Hrana i hranene (kraya na II–I hil. pr.n.e.). In Georgieva, R., Spiridonov, T., Reho, M. Etnologia na trakite. Sofia: Universitetsko izdatelstvo “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”, 71–111 (in Bulgarian).
Georgieva, R., Filipova, E. 2016. Kulinarni tehniki i saorazhenia za gotvene v Trakia prez I hil. pr. Hr. Thracia 22, 277–296 (in Bulgarian).
Gotsev, A., Nankov, E. 2021. Redovni arheologicheski prouchvania na obekt Emporion Pistiros, obsht. Septemvri. Arheologicheski otkritia i razkopki prez 2020 g. Kniga I. Sofia, 413–417 (in Bulgarian).
Gotsev, A., Nankov, E., Slavkova, Ts. 2022. Redovni arheologicheski prouchvania na Emporion Pistiros. Arheologicheski otkritia i razkopki prez 2021 g. Kniga I. Sofia, 465–471 (in Bulgarian).
Gotsev, A., Petrova, V. 2023. Novi danni za selishtnoto razvitie v Trakia – emporion Pistiros 2019 g. In Problemi i izsledvania na trakiyskata kultura, tom 11. Kazanlak: Faber, 144–159 (in Bulgarian).
Gotzev, A., Nankov, E., Slavkova, Ts., Petrova, V. (in press). Archaeological Excavations at Emporion Pistiros, 2020–2022. In Papadopoulos, S., Nerantzis, N. (eds) I Pistiros tou Egeou. Kavala (in Greek).
Grandjean, Y. 1985. Tuyères ou supports? Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique 109.1, 265–279.
Gras, M., Tréziny, H., Broise, H. 2004. Mégara Hyblaea. 5 – La ville archaïque: l’espace urbain d’une cité grecque de Sicile orientale. Rome: École Française de Rome.
Grisonic, M., Radic Rossi, I. 2016. Two lásana from the 4th century BC shipwreck at the island of Žirje, Croatia. Skyllis 2, 132–135.
Gyuzelev, M. 2009. Zapadniyat Pont mezhdu Emine i Bosfora prez parvoto hilyadoletie pr. Hr. Burgas: Lotos Advartayzing (in Bulgarian).
Guz-Zilberstein, B. 1995. The typology of the Hellenistic coarse ware and selected loci of the Hellenistic and Roman periods. In Stern, E. (ed.) Excavations at Dor, Final Report Volume IB, Areas A and C: The Finds (Qedem Reports 2). Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 289–433.
Handzhiyska, H. 2011. Keramichni formi ot Kabile – opredelitel za obrabotka na masovia keramichen material ot elinisticheskata epoha. Collegium Historicum 1. Sofia: IK “Gutenberg”, 37–47 (in Bulgarian).
Harizanov, A. 2019. Peshti za keramika v dneshnite balgarski zemi prez I–VI vek (Disertatsii, tom 15). Sofia: NAIM–BAN (in Bulgarian).
Hatzopoulos, M.B. 2013. Observations on the Pistiros inscription. In Martzavou, P., Papazarkadas, N. (eds) Epigraphical Approaches to the Postclassical Polis: Fourth Century BC to Second Century AD. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 13–22.
Hayes, J., Slane, K.W. 2022. The Late Classical and Hellenistic Pottery (Isthimia, vol. XI). Princeton: American School of Classical Studies.
Hijmans, S. 2003. The Metal Finds. In Reinders, H.R., Prummel W. (eds) Housing in New Halos: A Hellenistic Town in Thessaly, Greece. Lisse: A. A. Balkema Publishers, 123–137.
Iliopoulou, S. 2023. Perirranteria, utensils and other artefacts. In Tsatsopoulou-Kaloudi, P., Pardalidou, Ch., Iliopoulou, S., Kaloudis, K., Galani-Krikou, M., Zournatzi, A., Tselekas, P., Brixhe, C. (eds) Ancient Zone I. The Sanctuary of Apollo. Komotini: Ministry of Culture and Sports – Ephorate of Antiquities of Evros, Region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, 800–832.
Isaac, B. 1986. The Greek Settlements in Thrace until the Macedonian Conquest. Leiden: Brill.
Ilieva, P. 2021. The cooking tripods of the Northern Aegean. In Delev, P., Boteva-Boyanova, D., Grozdanova, L. (eds) Jubilaeus, 8.2. Back to the Sources. In Memory of the Editors of “Sources for the Ancient History and Geography of Thrace and Macedonia”. Sofia: St. Kliment Ohridski University Press, 101–109.
Ivanov, S.D. 2023. Brestnitsa–Poleto. Rannosrednovekovno selishte s metalurgichen kompleks (Severozapadna Bulgaria) (Archaeologia Bulgarica. Supplement vol. 5). Sofia: Nous (in Bulgarian).
Ivanova, N. 2019. Socioeconomic Implications of Cereal Crop Production in Inland Thrace during the Late Iron Age (Dissertations, vol. 13). Sofia: NAIM–BAS.
Kallintzi, K., Georgiades, M., Kefalidou, E., Xidopoulos, I., Xrisafi, M., Hatziprokopiou, K., Skoulariki, D., Orengo, H., Garcia, A. 2020. Arheologiko programma Avdiron kai Xanthis (APAX) proto etos tis epifaniakis erevnas. To Arheologiko ergo sti Makedonia kai sti Thraki 29 [2015], 529–538 (in Greek).
Karadzhinov, I. 2023. Kam vaprosa za vkopanite strukturi v Pistiros. In Georgieva, R., Tonkova, M. (red.) Yami i yamni kompleksi v drevna Trakia (Balgarsko e-Spisanie za Arheologia, Supplementum 10). Sofia, 67–74 (in Bulgarian).
Katinčarova-Bogdanova, D. 1996. Traces of metallurgical activity in the emporium. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzki, M., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros I. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 103–107.
Katinčarova-Bogdanova, D. 1999. Erzforderung und Metallgewinnung in Pistirosgebiet in der Spateisenzeit. In Koukouli-Chrysanthaki, Ch., Müller, A., Papadopoulos, S. (eds) Thasos, Protes yles kai technologia apo tous proistorikous Chronous os semera. Matières premières et technologie de la préhistoire à nos jours. Ecole française d’Athènes – 18th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities. Athènes-Paris: Diffusion de Boccard, 171–179.
Katinčarova, D. 2002. Ceramic crucibles and tuyeres from Pistiros. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros II. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 235–241.
Katinčarova, D. 2005. Die Metallerzlagerstatten im Pistirosgebiet. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L. (eds) The Culture of Thracians and Their Neighbors: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Memory of Prof. Mieczyslaw Domaradzki, with a Round Table “Archaeological Map of Bulgaria” (BAR International Series 1350). Oxford: Archaeopress, 31–36.
Katincharova, D. 2005. Nahodishta na metalni rudi sas sledi ot metalurgichna deynost ot kasnozhelyaznata epoha v rayona na emporion Pistiros. In Kitov, G., Dimitrova, D. (red.) Zemite na Bulgaria – lyulka na trakiyskata kultura. Sofia: Universitetsko izdatelstvo “Sv. Kliment Ohridski”, 188–193 (in Bulgarian).
Krasteva, Z. 2022. Statsionarni i prenosimi ognishta ot tipa “podnitsa“ v Trakia prez I hil. pr. Hr. In Nikov, K., Ilieva, P. (sast. i red.) Sbornik v chest na Rumyana Georgieva. Sofia: Artideya, 79–97 (in Bulgarian).
Lachenal, T., Rinalducci de Chassey, V., Georges, K., Sargiano, J.-P. 2010. Une tuyère du Bronze ancien à la Bastide Neuve II (Velaux, Bouches-du-Rhône). Un témoin d’activité métallurgique en context domestique en Provence occidentale? Remarques sur les tuyères en céramique d’Europe occidentale. Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française 107.3, 549–565.
Langridge-Noti, E. 2009. Continuity, connections and change in Hellenistic pottery from Geraki, Laconia. In Cavanagh, W.G., Gallou, C., Georgiadis, M. (eds) Sparta and Laconia: From Prehistory to Pre-modern. Proceedings of the Conference held in Sparta, organised by the British School at Athens, the University of Nottingham, the 5th Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities and the 5th Ephoreia of Byzantine Antiquities 17-20 March 2005 (BSA Studies, 16). London: British School at Athens, 225–233.
Lazov, G. 1999. Pithoi from the excavations of the Emporion Pistiros. In Koukouli-Chrysanthaki, Ch., Müller, A., Papadopoulos, S. (eds) Thasos, Protes yles kai technologia apo tous proistorikous Chronous os semera. Matières premières et technologie de la préhistoire à nos jours, Ecole française d’Athènes – 18th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities. Athènes, Paris: Diffusion de Boccard, 339–348.
Lazov, G. 2002. Toreutic production from Pistiros. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros II. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 243–248.
Lazov, G. 2013. Clay moulds for bronze appliqués from Emporion Pistiros. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavation and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 209–223.
Lazova, Ts. 2022. The Archaeological Site of Pistiros: Venturing to Change the Traditional Paradigm in Bulgarian Archaeology. Ancient West & East 21, 89–107.
Morris, S. 1985. Lasana: a contribution to the ancient Greek kitchen. Hesperia 54, 393–409.
Musil, J. 1996. Roof tiles. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzki, M., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros I. Excavations and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 47–62.
Nankov, E. 2025. The Greek Kitchen Abroad. Mobile Cooking Supports (Lasana) from Emporion Pistiros (Re)considered (Abstract). In Tsetskhladze, G., Hargrave, J., Manoledakis, M. (eds) The Black Sea: Hub of Peoples and Cultures (8th Century BC – 5th/6th Century AD). Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities (Thessaloniki, 26–30 September 2022). Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. Alexandru Avram. Oxford: Archaeopress, 455–456.
Nankov, E. (in press). Redovni arheologicheski prouchvania na Emporion Pistiros v kv. E13. Sektor „Krepostna stena“. Arheologicheski otkritia i razkopki prez 2023 g. Kniga I. Sofia: NAIM–BAN (in Bulgarian).
Nankov, E., Slavkova, Ts. (in press). Redovni arheologicheski prouchvania na emporion Pistiros. Iztochna krepostna stena i kvartal extra muros (Kv. E7, K13, K18). Arheologicheski otkritia i razkopki prez 2022 g. Kniga I. Sofia: NAIM–BAN (in Bulgarian).
Nedyalkov, K. 2020. Mestna keramika ot Apolonia Pontika, VI–I v. pr. Hr. (Razkopki i prouchvania, kniga XLIV). Sofia: NAIM–BAN (in Bulgarian).
Olivieri, L.M. 2018. Physiology and Meaning of Pottery Deposits in Urban Contexts (Barikot, Swat): Archaeological Field Notes with an Addendum on the lásana/λάσανα Pottery Forms. Ancient Pakistan 29, 123–139.
Panayotova, K., Damyanov, M., Bogdanova, T. 2019. Darove za Apolon (VI v. pr. Hr.). In Baralis, A., Nedev, D. (red.) Apolonia Pontiyska. Po stapkite na arheolozite. Kolektsii na Luvar i balgarski muzei. Sofia: Faber, 44–56 (in Bulgarian).
Papadopoulos, J. 1992. Lasana, tuyères, and kiln firing supports. Hesperia 61, 203–221.
Papastathis, K., Papadafniadou, M., Papadopoulos, A., Amanatidou, K., Ninou, I. 2017. Karakoli Stratoniou. I biografia enas filakio apo tin arheotita os tin ethniki antistasi. To Arheologiko ergo sti Makedonia kai sti Thraki 26 [2012], 491–500 (in Greek).
Petre, G.M. 2023. Haute cuisine in ancient Athens. An investigation into the dining habits of a Classical city. Dacia 66, N.S., 77–98.
Petrova, V. 2018. Attic painted pottery from emporion Pistiros – spatial distribution. In Pavúk, P., Klontza-Jaklová, V., Harding, A. (eds) ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ: Studies in honour of Jan Bouzek. Prague: Faculty of Arts, Charles University and Masaryk University, 391–402.
Petrova, V. 2019. Konteksti na razkrivane na aticheskata risuvana keramika ot obekt “Adzhiyska vodenitsa I” (Emporion Pistiros). In Stoyanov, T., Stoyanova, D. (red.) Problemi i izsledvania na trakiyskata kultura, tom 9. Kazanlak: Faber, 184–203 (in Bulgarian).
Pisani, M. 2003. Supporti di vasi da cucina (lásana) rinvenuti a Camarina. Kokalos 45, 111–155.
Popov, H. 2002. Urbanizatsia vav vatreshnite rayoni na Trakia i Iliria prez VI–I vek predi Hrista. Sofia: Nous (in Bulgarian).
Popov, H. 2004. Arheometalurgia na zhelyaznata epoha v balgarskite zemi – sastoyanie i perspektivi na prouchvaniyata. Arheologia XLV.1–2, 33–41 (in Bulgarian).
Pritchett, W.K. 1956. The Attic Stelai: Part II. Hesperia 25.3, 178–328.
Robinson, D.M. 1941. Excavations at Olynthus, Part X. Metal and Minor Miscellaneous Finds: An Original Contribution to Greek Life. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
Roesch, P. (ed.) 2007–2009. Les Inscriptions de Thespies (IThesp), vol. I–XII. Lyon: Édition électronique mise en forme par Gilbert Argoud, Albert Schachter et Guy Vattéro.
Rovira, M.C. 1993. Estudi arqueometallúrgic de l’Illa d’en Reixac – Ullastret (Baix Empordà). Revista d’arqueologia de Ponent 3, 65–149.
Roueché, Ch. 2002. Images of Performance: new evidence from Ephesus. In Easterling, P., Hall, E. (eds) Greek and Roman Actors. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 254–281.
Ruiz De Arbulo, J. 1989. Soportes y toberas. Los ejemplares de Emporion. Archivo Español de Arqueología 62, 315–324.
Scheffer, C. 2014. Cooking stands and braziers in Greek sanctuaries. Opuscula: Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 7, 175–183.
Sparkes, B. 1962. The Greek kitchen. Journal of Hellenic Studies 82, 121–137.
Sparkes, B., Talcott, L. 1970. Black and plain pottery of the 6th, 5th and 4th centuries BC (The Athenian Agora, 12). Princeton: American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
Stamberova, M. 2023. Fibulite v Drevna Trakia (V–I v. pr. Hr.) (Disertatsii, tom 16). Sofia: NAIM–BAN (in Bulgarian)
Stout, E., Beck, C., Naliboff, L., Philips, A. 2003. Organic residues in pottery from the Greek settlement of Pistiros, Bulgaria. Studia Hercynia 7, 81–114.
Taneva, V. 2000. Les monnaies de Pistiros. In Domaradzka, L., Bouzek, J., Rostropowicz, J. (eds) Pistiros et Thasos: Structures économiques dans la péninsule Balkanique aux VIIe–IIe siècles avant J.-C. Opole: Sw. Krzyza, 47–53.
Taneva, V. 2013a. Potter’s kiln in grid square Ж (Z) 5 at Adzhyiska vodenitsa (Pistiros). In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavation and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 26–33.
Taneva, V. 2013b. A well and sacrificial pit in Square Ж (Z) 5. In Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Gotzev, A., Archibald, Z.H. (eds) Pistiros V. Excavation and Studies. Prague: Charles University Press, 2013, 34–37.
Tonkova, M. 2002. Novookrit trakiyski tsentar ot rannoelinisticheskata epoha pri izvora Halka Bunar v zemlishteto na s. Gorno Belevo (prouchvaniya 2000 i 2001 g.). Godishnik na arheologicheskia institut s muzei – BAN II, 148–196.
Treister, M.J., Shelov-Kovedyayev, T.V. 1989. An Inscribed Conical Clay Object from Hermonassa. Hesperia 58.3, 289–296.
Tsetskhladze, G. 2019. Once Again About the Establishment Date of Some Greek Colonies Around the Black Sea. In Tsetskhladze, G., Atasoy, S. (eds) Settlements and Necropoleis of the Black Sea and its Hinterland in Antiquity. Select papers from the third international conference “The Black Sea in Antiquity and Tekkeköy: an ancient settlement on the southern Black Sea Coast”, 27–29 October 2017, Tekkeköy, Samsun. Oxford: Archaeopress, 1–41.
Tylecote, R.F. 1981. From Pot Bellows to Tuyeres. Levant 13, 107–118.
van Straten, F.T. 1995. Hiera Kala. Images of Animal Sacrifice in Archaic and Classical Greece. Leiden: Brill.
Weisgerber, G., Roden, Ch. 1986. Griechische Metallhandwerker und ihre Gebläse. Der Anschnitt. Zeitschrift für Kunst und Kultur im Bergbau 38.1, 2–26.
Więch, M. 2017. Cooking ware pottery from the “Hellenistic” House at Nea Paphos. Seasons 2014 and 2016. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26.1, 441–452.
Yahalom-Mack, N. 2019. Crucibles, Tuyères, and Bellows in a Longue Durée Perspective: Aspects of Technological Style. Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology & Heritage Studies 7.1, 63–75.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The authors retain full copyright on the articles or other publications.
All materials are published under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License, under which materials may be distributed or reproduced freely, provided the original is unchanged and is quoted correctly.
